Pet First Aid: Fractures and Musculoskeletal Injuries

Managing Fractures and Skeletal Injuries in Pets

Introduction:

In this section of our first aid for pet owners series, we will discuss the important topic of managing fractures and musculoskeletal injuries in pets. Accidents or falls can sometimes result in broken bones or other musculoskeletal injuries, causing pain and discomfort for our beloved companions. Recognising the signs of a possible fracture and providing appropriate first aid can help stabilise your pet’s condition and prevent further harm until veterinary care is obtained. Remember, these guidelines are not a substitute for professional veterinary care, so always consult a veterinarian for a thorough evaluation and treatment.

1. Recognising the Signs of a Fracture:
   • Lameness or reluctance to weight bear: Usually if a fracture has occurred, your pet will have a noticeable limp, or be unwilling to put any weight on the affected leg. They may also vocalise or show signs of pain when attempting to bear weight on the leg.
   • Obvious deformity: There may be an abnormal angle or position of the affected leg. However, even if the leg looks to be in normal alignment this does not rule out a fracture. 
   • Swelling and pain: A fracture may result in localised swelling,  and bruising of the affected leg. It may be very painful and your pet may vocalise when the injured area is touched.
2. Providing First Aid for Fractures and Skeletal Injuries:
   • Keep your pet calm and immobile: Minimising movement will help to prevent further injury or displacement of the broken bone and will help minimise the pain your pet is feeling.
   • Protect yourself: If your pet is very painful they may bite, please ensure you are handling your pet safely to prevent injury to yourself. We recommend placing a muzzle, and using blankets to pick your pet up, when possible to keep yourself safe. 
   • Control bleeding: If there is an open wound with active bleeding apply gentle pressure with a clean cloth or sterile gauze. A light bandage can be placed to keep this cloth in place if your pet will tolerate this. Ensure this bandage is not tight, a tight bandage can interrupt blood supply to the lower limb and also may increase the pain experienced by your pet. 
   • Do not attempt to stabilise the fracture at home by placing a supporting bandage or splint. This can be very painful and may result in you getting bitten. 
3. Transporting Your Injured Pet:
   • Use a stretcher or a firm, flat surface: Gently lift your pet onto a flat, stable and secure surface to prevent uncontrolled movement or stress on the injured area.
   • If your pet is still able to walk on 3 legs, a towel can be placed under their stomach to use as a sling for support while they are walking. 
   • Seek immediate veterinary care: Fractures and skeletal injuries require professional evaluation and treatment, including x-rays and potential surgical intervention. Contact your veterinarian or an emergency veterinary clinic to inform them about the situation and seek immediate assistance.

Remember, providing first aid for fractures and skeletal injuries is crucial, but it is not a substitute for professional veterinary care. The goal is to stabilise your pet and minimise pain and further damage until they receive appropriate medical attention.

Stay tuned for the next section of our Pet First Aid series, where we will discuss managing poisoning and toxicity in pets.

Disclaimer: The information provided in this series is intended as a general guide and does not replace professional veterinary advice. Always consult with a veterinarian for proper diagnosis and treatment of your pet’s specific condition.